TONING DOWN OR ADAPTATION? A STUDY OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN TRANSLATION ON AN ONLINE STREAMING PLATFORM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32520/eji.v7i1.2310Keywords:
toning down, adaptation, translation, English-Indonesian, online platformAbstract
The study of translation remains an exciting field for language and linguistics experts. Its process involves many factors to consider. For example, the translation process for films' subtitles must consider the broadcasting regulations. Furthermore, the translation process will be more complicated if it involves a cultural-specific concept such as swearing. Theoretically, adaptation is used to translate a cultural-specific concept, and since swearing is one, adaptation should be applied. However, this method might not be ideal for translating swearing in films. This study was descriptive-qualitative research with a recording technique. Twenty data on English-Indonesian swearing were collected from two American films on an online streaming platform in Indonesia. The results show that eight data used a toning down strategy to acceptable words/expressions, seven were adapted, 4 data were omitted, and one used an unrelated word
References
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Nugraha, I. (2016). Inappropriate Translation of English Cursing on Box Office Films on Movie Theatre and TV and Its Relationship with KPI’s Broadcasting Standard Program Along With Viewers’ Understanding Toward Cursing. The Third International Seminar on Trans-Disciplinary Linguistics (ISTL 2016). Linguistics Department, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia.
Nugraha, I. (2017). Ellipsis as An Acceptable Strategy in Translating English Cursing. The First International Conference on Linguistics and English Teaching (1st ICLET) 2017 Proceedings, pp. 198–207. English Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Swadaya Gunung Djati.
Sapolsky, B. S. et al. (2008). Rating Offensive Words in Three Television Program Contexts. BEA 2008 Research Division.
Spears, R. A. (2006). McGraw-Hill’s Dictionary of American Slang and Colloquial Expressions: Fourth Edition. USA: The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.
Suradi, M. A. (2018). Translation Strategies to Deal with Indonesia Censorship Regulation on Movie. Mimbar Sejarah, Sastra, Budaya, dan Agama, XXIV(1), 143-157.
Valdeón, R. A. (2015). The (Ab)use of Taboo Lexis in Audiovisual Translation: Raising Awareness of Pragmatic Variation in English-Spanish. Intercultural Pragmatic, 12(3), 363-385.
Wijana, I. D. P. (2004). Makian dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Humaniora, 16(3), 242-251
Benjamin, W. (2000). The Task of Translator. In Venuti, Lawrence (Ed.), The Translation Studies Reader. London: Routledge.
Briechle, L., and Eppler, E. D. (2019). Swearword Strength in Subtitled and Dubbed Films: A Reception Study. Intercultural Pragmatics, 16(4), 389-420.
Bucaria, C. (2009). Translation and Censorship on Italian TV: An Inevitable Love Affair. Vigo International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 6(1), 13–32.
Creswell, J. (2014). Research Design: Pendekatan Metode Kualitatif, Kuantitatif, dan Campuran. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Dobao, A. M. F. (2006). Linguistic and Cultural Aspect of the Translation of Swearing: The Spanish Version of Pulp Fiction. Babel, 52(3), 222-242.
Fägersten, K. B. (2007). A Sociolinguistics Analysis of Swear Word Offensiveness. Saarland Working Papers in Linguistics (SWPL), 1, 14-37.
Fawcett, P. (1997). Translation and Language. UK: St. Jerome Publishing.
Hughes, G. (2006). An Encyclopedia of Swearing. New York: M.E. Sharpe Inc.
Jay, T. (2000). Why We Curse: A Neuro-Psycho-Social Theory of Speech. Philadephia: John Benjamin Publishing Company.
Jayanti, E. et al. (2019). Swearword in Steinbeck’s Novel “Of Mice and Men” and Its Indonesian Translated Version Toer’s “Tikus dan Manusia”. Call, 1(2), 57-72.
Leigh, M. & Mike L. (2005). Advanced Swearing Handbook. Great Britain: Summersdale Publishers Ltd.
Levý, J. (2011). The Art of Translation. Amsterdam: John Benjamin Publishing Company.
Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Daring. Available on https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/
Kipfer, R. A., & Chapman, R. L. (2007). Dictionary of American Slang: Fourth Edition. USA: HarperCollins Publisher.
McMannis, C. (1987). Language Files. Ohio: The Ohio States University Advocate Publishing Groups.
Newmark, P. (1988). A Textbook of Translation. UK: Prentice Hall International Ltd.
Nugraha, I. (2013). Indonesian Young Adults’ Interference in Translating English Cursing. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature, 2(5), 167–172. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.2n.5p.167
Nugraha, I. (2016). Inappropriate Translation of English Cursing on Box Office Films on Movie Theatre and TV and Its Relationship with KPI’s Broadcasting Standard Program Along With Viewers’ Understanding Toward Cursing. The Third International Seminar on Trans-Disciplinary Linguistics (ISTL 2016). Linguistics Department, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia.
Nugraha, I. (2017). Ellipsis as An Acceptable Strategy in Translating English Cursing. The First International Conference on Linguistics and English Teaching (1st ICLET) 2017 Proceedings, pp. 198–207. English Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Swadaya Gunung Djati.
Sapolsky, B. S. et al. (2008). Rating Offensive Words in Three Television Program Contexts. BEA 2008 Research Division.
Spears, R. A. (2006). McGraw-Hill’s Dictionary of American Slang and Colloquial Expressions: Fourth Edition. USA: The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.
Suradi, M. A. (2018). Translation Strategies to Deal with Indonesia Censorship Regulation on Movie. Mimbar Sejarah, Sastra, Budaya, dan Agama, XXIV(1), 143-157.
Valdeón, R. A. (2015). The (Ab)use of Taboo Lexis in Audiovisual Translation: Raising Awareness of Pragmatic Variation in English-Spanish. Intercultural Pragmatic, 12(3), 363-385.
Wijana, I. D. P. (2004). Makian dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Humaniora, 16(3), 242-251
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Published
2023-01-03
How to Cite
Nugraha, I. (2023). TONING DOWN OR ADAPTATION? A STUDY OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN TRANSLATION ON AN ONLINE STREAMING PLATFORM. EJI (English Journal of Indragiri) : Studies in Education, Literature, and Linguistics, 7(1), 222–236. https://doi.org/10.32520/eji.v7i1.2310
